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Exploitation and Management of Animal Resources During the Middle Iron Age: Northern Limpopo Province, South Africa
Claudia Abatino
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This research aims to reconstruct the dynamics of exploitation and management of animal resources during the Middle Iron Age in the northern part of the Limpopo region (South Africa). The book offers an interpretation of faunal remains from two sites: Mapungubwe, an important regional centre during the 13th century AD, and Mutamba, a small agro-pastoral settlement contemporary to the period of maximum hegemony of the capital and located at the southernmost limit of Mapungubwe influence. Some of the fauna from earlier excavations at Mapungubwe has been published previously, but this volume considers new material and re-examines earlier findings. In addition to the zooarchaeological analysis, ethnozooarchaeological research has been carried out in a Venda village. Furthermore, the published data concerning the Mapungubwe area of influence have been collected. The book includes a summary chapter in Italian.
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Cover
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Title page
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Copyright
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African Archaeology
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Acknowledgements
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Contents
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List of Figures
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List of Tables
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Preface
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Introduction
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1. The area of research: analysis of the historical, cultural and geographical context
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1.1. Historical premise
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1.2. The Iron Age in South Africa
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1.3. Models of settlement: the Central Cattle Pattern (CCP) and the Zimbabwe Culture Pattern (ZCP) compared.
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1.4. The region and the environment
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1.4.1. The Limpopo Valley
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1.4.2. Soutpansberg
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2. The analysed sites
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2.1. Mapungubwe
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2.1.1. History of the archaeological research
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2.1.2. The site
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2.1.3. Phases of occupation of the site
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2.2. Mutamba
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2.2.1. History of the archaeological research
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2.2.2. The site
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3. Methodology
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3.1. Zooarchaeological research conducted in the area of interest: the state of the art
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3.2. Preparation of the sample
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3.3. Methods applied to the samples analysed
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4. The faunal remains from Mapungubwe
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4.1. Areas of provenance and chronology of the finds
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4.2. The zooarchaeological data from the Southern Terrace and Mahobe
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4.2.1. Phase II
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4.2.2. Phase III
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4.2.3. Phase IV
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4.3. Data arising from the zooarchaeological investigations of Mapungubwe Hill
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4.3.1. Phase III
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4.3.2. Phase IV
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4.4. Taphonomy
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4.4.1. Southern Terrace and Mahobe (MST & MST1). Phase II
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4.4.2. Southern Terrace and Mahobe (MST & MST1). Phases III and IV
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4.4.3. Mapungubwe Hill. Phases III and IV
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4.5. Worked bones
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4.6. Diseases
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4.7. Biometrics
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4.7.1. Phase II (11th and 12th centuries)
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4.7.2. Phases III and IV (13th century)
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4.8. Economic and social considerations
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5. The faunal remains from Mutamba
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5.1. Areas of provenance of the finds
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5.2. The data arising from the zooarchaeological investigations
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5.2.1. Taxonomic composition
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5.2.2. Domestic fauna
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5.2.3. Wild fauna
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5.3. Taphonomy
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5.4. Worked bones
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5.5. Diseases
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5.6. Biometrics
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6. Ethnozooarchaeological research
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6.1. The approach to the research
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6.2. Objectives and methods of the research
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6.3. Results and interpretations
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7. Considerations and conclusions
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7.1. The livestock rearing economy in the northern part of Limpopo province
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7.2. Considerations on size variation in domestic species
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7.3. The exploitation of wild fauna
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7.4. Animal products and trade networks
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7.5. Conclusions
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Appendix
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Osteometry
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Mapungubwe – Phase II (11th-12th centuries)
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Ovis vel Capra
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Ovis aries
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Capra hircus
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Mapungubwe – Phase III and IV (13th century)
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Lycaon pictus
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Equus quagga
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Procavia capensis
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Bos taurus
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Ovis vel Capra
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Ovis aries
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Capra hircus
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Sylvicapra grimmia
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Syncerus caffer
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Lepus capensis
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Lepus saxatilis
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Lepus sp.
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Gallus gallus
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Corvus sp.
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Mutamba
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Equus quagga
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Orycteropus afer
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Bos taurus
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Ovis vel Capra
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Ovis aries
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Capra hircus
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Sylvicapra grimmia
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Raphicerus campestris
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Aepyceros melampus
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Pedetes capensis
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Lepus saxatilis
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Lepus sp.
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Numida meleagris
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Corvus sp.
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Riassunto
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L’area di ricerca. Contesto storico e culturale
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Mapungubwe
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Mutamba
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Metodologie applicate sui campioni analizzati
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I reperti faunistici di Mapungubwe
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I reperti faunistici di Mutamba
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La ricerca etnoarcheozoologica
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Considerazioni sull’economia di allevamento nell’area settentrionale del Limpopo
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Considerazioni sulle variazioni dimensionali nelle specie domestiche
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Lo sfruttamento della fauna selvatica
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I prodotti animali nella rete commerciale
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Considerazioni conclusive
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Bibliography
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Back Cover
Citable Link
Published: 2021
Publisher: BAR Publishing
- 9781407357270 (ebook)
- 9781407357263 (paper)
BAR Number: S3020