This chapter summarizes the main findings from the case studies discussed in the previous chapters and reflects upon their significance for advancing the commons under capitalism. I also reflect on the value of using the commons paradigm to understand and envision alternatives to capitalism, and I discuss a variety of proposals that have been made with regard to advancing the commons. I propose a form of commons praxis that employs ‘subversive commoning’ to advance an anti-capitalist commons. I also provide some examples of where these models are currently being employed. The chapter concludes with some final thoughts on capital and the commons.
