• Fig. 16. The basics of the backfire game. Four citizens each independently decide how much to give to a threshold to prevent disaster. A policymaker decides whether to enact geoengineering. If the policymaker uses geoengineering, it could succeed and meet the group’s threshold. But if geoengineering fails, it also backfires. When it backfires, citizens lose money and continue to face the same challenge of preventing disaster.

Illustration of contribution choices (3)

From Climate Games: Experiments on How People Prevent Disaster by Talbot M. Andrews, Andrew W. Delton, and Reuben Kline

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  • Nature/Environment:Environmental Studies
  • Political Science:Political Economy
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