• Figure 5.2. Change in Invalid Vote Compared to Benchmarks by Campaign Presence Source: Jurado Nacional de Elecciones, original data collection. Note: The figure compares change in the percentage of invalid votes cast between elections of the same type (upper panel) and across election rounds (lower panel) in Peruvian gubernatorial elections in 2010, 2014, and 2018, where invalid vote campaigns were and were not present. Differences in estimates are significant with ** p < 0.05, two-tailed.
Download TIF (471 KB)

Change in Invalid Vote compared to Benchmarks by Campaign Presence

From None of the Above: Protest Voting in Latin American Democracies by Mollie J. Cohen

Creator(s)
Subjects
  • Latin American Studies
  • Political Science:Political Behavior and Public Opinion
  • Political Science:Governance
Related Section
Keywords
Citable Link