- Figure 6.16. The diagram illustrates the main transformations of Ottoman Algiers and the urban expansion of Algiers by the end of the nineteenth century: (1) The creation of a place of arms (renamed Place du Gouvernement then Place des Martyrs after independence) in the center of the lower part of the casbah; (2) the widening of Bab Azoun, Bab el Oued; (3) the Navy (present-day rue d’El Mourabitine); (4) the Chartres (present-day Amar El Kama Street) streets; (5) the Rue de la Lyre (now rue Bouzrina Arezki); (6) the Boulevard de l’Empress (currently Boulevard Ernesto Che Guevara); (7) the Rue del la Marine; (8) the Rues Randon and Marengo; (9) the Boulevard de la Victoire; (10) the replacement of the old Ottoman walls with new boulevards; and (11) the construction of the French wall defining the new intramural city. (Created by the Author based on A. Hadjilah, “L’architecture des premières maisons européennes d’Alger, 1830–1865.” Artl@s Bulletin 5, no. 1 (2016): Article 2, Figure 3; and Z. Çelik, Urban Forms and Colonial Confrontations: Algiers Under French Rule, fig. 17. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997.)
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