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Chipped Stone Tools in Formative Oaxaca, Mexico: Their Procurement, Production and Use
William J. Parry
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Chipped stone tools from archaeological sites can be a source of social and economic information about the inhabitants. In this volume, author William J. Parry presents his analysis of chipped stone tools found at Early and Middle Formative sites in the Valley of Oaxaca, Mexico. Volume 8 of the subseries Prehistory and Human Ecology of the Valley of Oaxaca.
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Contents
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List of Tables
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List of Figures
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List of Plates
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Introduction to Volume 8
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Preface
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Chapter 1. Introduction and Background
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Introduction
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The Formative Period in the Valley of Oaxaca
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Previous Investigations
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Some Basic Assumptions
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Raw Materials as Measures of Interaction
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Technological Attributes as Measures of Interaction
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Functional Attributes
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Chapter 2. The Sample
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Emphasis on Floor Proveniences
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Introduction
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How Chipped Stone Becomes Incorporated Into Earthen Floors
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Archaeological Definition of Floor Associations
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The Sample of Floor Proveniences
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San Jose Mogote
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Abasolo
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Barrio del Rosario, Huitzo
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Fabrica San Jose
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Tomaltepec
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Chapter 3. The Procurement of Lithic Material
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Introduction
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Classification of Lithic Materials
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Obsidian
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Chert
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Other Local Materials
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Chert Sources in the Valley of Oaxaca
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Early and Middle Formative Obsidian Procurement
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The Redistribution Model
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Problems With the Redistribution Model
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Differential Access to Obsidian
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Early and Middle Formative Local Stone Procurement
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Introduction
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The San Jose Phase
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The Middle Formative Period
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Chronological Changes in Local Raw Material Procurement
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Summary
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Chapter 4. The Production of Chipped Stone Tools
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Introduction
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Definition of Terms
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Flakes and Flake Terminology
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Other General Categories
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Some Tool Types
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Technological Classification of Flakes
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The Blade Industry
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Introduction
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The Manufacture of Obsidian Blades
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Evolution of the Obsidian Blade Industry
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Absence of Chert Blades
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The Biface Industry
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Introduction
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Biface Manufacture
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Heat Treatment of Chert
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Summary
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The Flake Industry
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Introduction
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Ethnographic Flake Industries
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Flake Manufacture
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Organization of Flake Tool Production
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Summary: Early and Middle Formative Tool Production
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Chapter 5. The Uses of Chipped Stone Tools
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Introduction
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Edge Attributes as Indicators of Tool Function
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Edge Angle
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Edge Morphology
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Retouch
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Edge Damage
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Classification of Early and Middle Formative Tools
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The Relationship of Functional Types to Material and Morphological Types
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Summary
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Chapter 6. Spatial Patterns of Stone Tool Use
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Introduction
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Distribution of Activities Within Early Formative Houses
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House 4 of Tomaltepec
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House 2 of San Jose Mogote
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House 4 of San Jose Mogote
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Other Early and Middle Formative Houses
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Distribution of Activities in an Early Formative Household Unit
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Area B of San Jose Mogote
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Activity Differences Between Households
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San Jose Mogote
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Middle Formative Households
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Activity Differences Between Villages
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San Jose Phase
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Middle Formative Villages
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Chapter 7. Late and Terminal Formative Chipped Stone Assemblages
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The Late Formative Period
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San Jose Mogote in the Terminal Formative Period
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Terminal Formative Lithic Industries
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Functions of Terminal Formative Tools
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Differential Access to Stone Tools
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Summary
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Chapter 8. Nonutilitarian Chipped Stone Tools
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Introduction
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Burial Offerings
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Floors of Public Buildings
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Courtyards of Public Buildings
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Special Artifact Types
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Summary
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Chapter 9. Summary and Conclusions
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Bibliography
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Appendix
Citable Link
Published: 1987
Publisher: University of Michigan Museum of Anthropological Archaeology
- 978-1-951538-06-4 (ebook)
- 978-0-915703-10-4 (paper)