"I saw a nightmare-- ": doing violence to memory : the Soweto uprising, June 16, 1976

Pohlandt-McCormick, Helena

Helena Pohlandt-McCormick

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Contents
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Cover
Title Page
Copyright and Permissions
Acknowledgments
Prologue and Readers' Guide
- Introduction to the Electronic Space of this Book
- A few suggestions for navigating this website
- Hector Pieterson's Name
- Terminology: Black/African
- Digital Image Archive
- A Note on the Archive
- Summaries of Chapters
Chapter 1 Introduction "The Child Is Also Wondering What Happened to the Father"
- [Epigraph]
- Overview
  - Story Without End
  - The Uprising: Soweto Erupts
  - Author's Story
- Context of the 1990s
  - Political Changes
  - The Story in the Archive: Cillié Commission of Inquiry into the Riots at Soweto
  - Creating a Space for Memory: The Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC)
- Historiography of Soweto / Literature Review
  - The City
  - The Uprising
  - Black Consciousness
  - Cillié Commission
  - The Truth and Reconciliation Commission
    - [Intro]
    - Violence
- Methodology and Conceptualization
  - Shift in Perspective
  - Context of Change and Violence
  - Sources
    - [Intro]
    - Oral
    - Documents
    - Student Documents
    - Police Statements
    - Transcribed Oral Testimonies—Cillié Commission
    - Transcribed Oral Testimonies—Truth and Reconciliation Commission
  - Strengths and Weaknesses, or Memory and Violence
- Summary of Arguments
  - [Intro]
  - Solidarity in the Face of Ambiguity and Difference
  - Afrikaans
  - Black Consciousness
  - The Apartheid Government and the African National Congress
  - Violence
Chapter 2 "I Heard There Was a Riot in Soweto . . . :" A Narrative of June 16, 1976
- [Epigraph]
- A Winter Morning
  - Warnings
  - The March
  - The Confrontation
- The Shooting
  - [Intro]
  - Tremor
  - Evening
- Aftermath
- Conclusion
Chapter 3 Official Stories Telling Soweto, June 16, 1976—The Appropriation of the People's Story into Official Histories
- [Epigraph]
- Introduction
- Responses to the Event
  - [Intro]
  - Immediate Reactions
  - Early Accounts
  - Secondary Discourses
- Part 1 Commission of Inquiry into the Riots at Soweto and Elsewhere (Cillié) from the 16 June, 1976 - 28 February, 1977
  - Genesis of the Cillié Commission
  - Methods of the Cillié Commission
    - Rhetoric and Argument
    - Audience
    - Privileged and Knowing Position of the Author
    - Privileging of Narrative Time
    - Considering Causes
    - Representing Participants
  - Means and Method of Appropriation/Exclusion
    - Witnesses
    - Student Participants
    - Author Analysis: Witnesses
    - Methods of Coercion
    - Author Analysis: Statements
    - Experts
- Part 2 Narrative of Resistance: The African National Congress (ANC)
  - [Intro]
  - Genesis of the ANC's Account
  - Audience
    - [Intro]
    - Claiming Authority
    - Rhetoric
    - The ANC's Informants
    - Narrative Time for the ANC
    - Participants as Represented by the ANC: Heroes or Threats?
    - Claiming Authority
    - The ANC and Black Consciousness
    - The ANC: What Really Happened—The Confrontation
    - The ANC's Means and Method of Appropriation
- Part 3 Confronting Each Other: the ANC and the Cillié Commission
- Part 4 The Last Official Narrative: The Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC)
  - [Intro]
  - Nature of the TRC Commission Hearings (as opposed to the Cillié Commission):
- Conclusion
Chapter 4 The Participants
- [Epigraph]
- Introduction
- Life Histories: Four Voices
  - [Intro]
  - Beginnings
  - Education
  - Experience
  - Family
  - Status
- Shifting the Point of View
  - [Intro]
  - Invisible Women? The Gendered Nature of the Uprising
  - Urban-Rural Connections—The Zoutpansberg Students' Organisation (ZOSO)
  - Dissent, Division, Difference—Solidarity
  - Identity and Representation
- Conclusion
Chapter 5 Afrikaans "We Are Fed the Crumbs of Ignorance with Afrikaans as a Poisonous Spoon"—Historical Context and Precipitating Factors
- [Epigraph]
- Perspectives on the Role of Afrikaans
- Afrikaans: Precipitating Factor?
  - [Intro]
  - The Urban Bantu Council, UBC
  - The State
  - The Opposition in Parliament
  - The ANC
  - The Press
  - "Not the True Cause . . . :" Analysis of the Literature
  - "Docile for Too Long:" The Cillié Report as a Record of Mounting Dissatisfaction over the Afrikaans Issue: Cillié Commission
- "To Hell with Boere Taal:" Student Voices
- Conclusion
Chapter 6 "I Saw a Nightmare . . . :" Violence and the Construction of Memory
- [Epigraph]
- Introduction: Individual and Collective Memory, Violence, and Silence
- The Making of Memory: People, the State, the ANC, and Violence
- On Violence and the Body: The Dead
- The Disappeared
- The Wounded: " . . . But the Pain You Feel Alone"
- Conclusion
Chapter 7 Final Thoughts
Notes
- Chapter 1 Introduction "The Child Is Also Wondering What Happened to the Father"
- Chapter 2 "I Heard There Was a Riot in Soweto . . . :" A Narrative of June 16, 1976
- Chapter 3 Official Stories Telling Soweto, June 16, 1976—The Appropriation of the People's Story into Official Histories
- Chapter 4 The Participants
- Chapter 5 Afrikaans "We Are Fed the Crumbs of Ignorance with Afrikaans as a Poisonous Spoon"—Historical Context and Precipitating Factors
- Chapter 6 "I Saw a Nightmare . . . :" Violence and the Construction of Memory
- Chapter 7 Final Thoughts
- Other Notes
List of Abbreviations
Keywords/Glossary
- Bantu Education
- Bizos, George
- Black Consciousness / Black Consciousness Movement
- Black Parents' Association (BPA)
- Child / Childhood / Schoolchildren
- Cillié Commission and Cillié Report
- Fifty-Fifty Ruling
- Mandela, Winnie
- Mashinini, Tsietsi
- Matlhare, Aaron Montoedi
- Mazibuko, Seth
- Mokoena, Aubrey Dundubele
- Morobe, Murphy Mafison
- Motapanyane, Tebello
- Participant(s)
- Pupils
- Sizane, Zweli
- South African Students' Movement (SASM)
- South African Students' Organiszation (SASO)
- Student(s) / Scholar(s)
- Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa (TRC)
- Tsotsi
- Urban Bantu Council (UBC)
- West Rand Bantu Administration Board (WRAB)
- Yutar, Percy
- Zoutpansberg Students' Organisation (ZOSO)
Bibliography
- Books
- Newspapers and Magazines
- Government Publications and Archives
- Court Cases
- Films
- Interviews
  - [Intro]
  - Website links
Archive