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The Horace's Villa Project, 1997-2003
Bernard Frischer, Jane Crawford and Monica De Simone-
Cover
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Title Page
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Copyright and Permissions
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Dedication
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List of Abbreviations
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Contributors
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List of Figures and Tables
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Online Plans
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Prefaces
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Anna Maria Reggiani
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Maria Grazia Fiore
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Luciano Romanzi
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Bernard Frischer
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Preface to the Electronic Edition
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A Introduction: History and Goals of the "Horace's Villa" Project by Bernard Frischer
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B History of Archaeological Research on the Site
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B.1 General Introduction to the Area by Bernard Frischer
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[Introduction]
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B.1.1 Settlement of the Licenza valley in antiquity
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B.1.2 Archaic period to the Roman conquest
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B.1.3 Second and first centuries B.C.
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B.1.4 First and second centuries A.D.
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B.1.5 Third to fifth centuries A.D.
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B.1.6 Sixth through ninth centuries A.D.
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B.1.7 Tenth through fifteenth centuries A.D.
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B.1.8 Sixteenth through eighteenth centuries A.D.
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B.1.9 1780-1910
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B.2 Identification of the Vigne di S. Pietro as Horace's Villa: the Ancient Evidence
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B.3 Knowledge about Horace's Villa from the Imperial Period to 1911
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B.4 Interventions in the 20th century
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B.4.1 Pasqui's excavations, 1911-1914
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B.4.2 Lugli's 1926 account of the Pasqui excavations
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B.4.3 Condition of the site in the 1920s
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B.4.4 Lugli-Price excavation of 1930-31
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B.4.5 Restorations of 1930-31
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B.4.6 World War II
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B.4.7 Activities from 1946-1996
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B.5 Biographical Sketch of Thomas Drees Price by Kathryn Gleason
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C New Fieldwork
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C.1 The "Horace's Villa" Project, 1997-2003: Organization, Strategy, and Objectives by Bernard Frischer, Stefano Camaiani, Monica De Simone
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[Introduction]
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C.1.1 Organization
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C.1.2 Sponsors
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C.1.3 Staff and volunteers
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C.1.4 Research issues, methods and strategy
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C.1.5 Archaeological strategy
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C.1.6 Resources utilized in archival research
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C.1.7 Documentation and database
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[Introduction]
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C.1.7.1 Data collection
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C.1.7.2 Data management
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C.1.8. Disposition of finds and documentation
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C.2 The Residence by Monica De Simone and Laura Cerri
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C.2.1 Excavation in Area 12
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C.2.2 Soundings north of Areas 6, 17, and 26
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C.3 The Garden by Kathryn Gleason, James G. Schryver, Luca Passalacqua
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C.3.1 Introduction
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C.3.2 Landscape setting and description of the Villa's gardens
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[Introduction]
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C.3.2.1 Gardens within the building: small courtyard garden (Area 8, Lugli's cortile A)
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C.3.2.2 The quadriporticus garden (Sectors V, VI, VII)
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C.3.3 Methodology
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[Introduction]
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C.3.3.1 Preliminary survey and assessment techniques within the residence and quadriporticus
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C.3.3.2 Assessing the presence of cultivated soils
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C.3.4 Excavation of the quadriporticus garden (Area 24, Sectors VI.1, VI.2, VII; Area 25, Sector V)
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[Introduction]
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C.3.4.1 Sectors V and VI: the central part of the garden (Sector VI) and the piscina (Area 25, Sector V)
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C.3.4.2 The northern part of the garden (Area 24, Sector VII)
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C.3.5 Evaluation of the garden design
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C.3.6 Notes on artifacts
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C.3.7 Conclusions of the feasibility study and notes for future work at the site
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C.4 Quadriporticus by Monica De Simone, Silvia Nerucci, Luca Passalacqua
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C.4.1 Introduction
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C.4.2 Sector II.1, Area 54
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C.4.3 Sector IV.1, Area 23
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C.4.4 Sector IV.2, Area 23
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C.4.5 Sector VIII.1-6, Area 55
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C.4.6 Sector VIII.7, Area 55
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C.4.7 Conclusions
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C.5 The Bath Complex by Stefano Camaiani, Laura Cerri, Luca Passalacqua
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[Introduction]
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C.5.1 Period I (Second Century B.C. to First Century A.D.)
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[Introduction]
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C.5.1.1 Activities 1-4: The Republican Atrium
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C.5.2 Period II (Second Half of the First Century A.D. to the Second Century A.D.)
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[Introduction]
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C.5.2.1 Activities 5-21: Construction of the Bath Complex (ca. 80-150 A.D.)
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C.5.3 Period III (Fourth-Fifth Centuries A.D. [?])
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[Introduction]
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C.5.3.1 Activities 22-29: Abandonment in Late Antiquity
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C.5.4 Period IV (Fifth-Ninth Centuries A.D.)
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[Introduction]
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C.5.4.1 Activities 30-40: The Medieval Reoccupation
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C.5.5 Period V (Late Middle Ages)
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[Introduction]
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C.5.5.1 Activities 41-46: The Last Interventions of the Medieval Period
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C.5.6 Period VI (Twentieth Century A.D.)
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[Introduction]
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C.5.6.1 Activities 47-49: Twentieth-century archaeological soundings
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C.5.7 Appendix: Recent Work in Sector I.2, Area 50
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D Analysis of Structures and Materials
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D.1 The Masonry Structures by Monica De Simone
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D.1.1 Introduction
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D.1.2 The Restorations
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[Introduction]
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D.1.2.1 Analysis of the archival documents
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D.1.2.2 Analysis of the photographs
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D.1.2.3 Conclusions
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D.1.3 Direct Analysis
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[Introduction]
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D.1.3.1 The cataloguing
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D.1.3.2 The Residence
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D.1.3.3 The quadriporticus and the garden
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D.1.3.4 The thermal zone
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D.1.3.5 The laconicum of the Villa of Horace: is it an unicum?
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D.1.3.6 Systems for the supply and drainage of water
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D.1.3.7 The identification of the phases
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D.1.4 Appendix 1. Typology of Masonry Attested to on the Site
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D.1.5 Appendix 2. Sampling of the Mortar
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D.2 Pottery by Claudia Angelelli
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[Introduction]
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D.2.1 Thermal Zone (Sector I)
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D.2.1.1 Period I
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D.2.1.2 Period II
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D.2.1.3 Period III
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D.2.1.4 Period IV
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D.2.1.5 Period V
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D.2.1.6 Period VI
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D.2.2 The Quadriporticus, Sector IV. 2
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D.2.3 Sector VI: Central Area of the Garden
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D.2.4 Sector VII: North Area of the Garden
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D.2.4.1 Period I: the early garden
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D.2.4.2 Period II: the Flavian garden
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D.2.4.3 Period III: decline of the villa
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D.2.4.4 Period IV: Medieval reoccupation
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D.2.4.5 Period VI
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D.3 Garden Material by Elizabeth R. Macaulay
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D.3.1 Ollae perforatae (planting pots)
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[Introduction]
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D.3.1.1 Nearly whole flower pot: VH 148=SAL 114528
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D.3.1.2 Flower pot base fragment: VH 187=SAL 114531
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D.3.1.3 Flower pot base fragment: VH 203= SAL 114529
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D.3.1.4 Flower pot in the Museum of Licenza: SAL 39344
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D.3.1.5 Conclusions
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D.3.2 The Sundial Fragment from "Horace's Villa"
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D.4 The "Horace's Villa" Brickstamps and the Brick Production of the Central Anio River Valley by Giorgio Filippi
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D.4.1 Introduction
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D.4.2 History of the Finds
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D.4.3 Catalogue
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D.4.3.1 Terminology and criterion of the publication of the stamps
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D.4.3.2 "Horace's Villa"
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D.4.3.3 The Ashby Collection at the American Academy in Rome
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D.4.3.4 Convent of San Cosimato (Vicovaro, ROMA)
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D.4.4 Typology of the Brick Material
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D.4.5 Typology of the Stamps, Palaeography, and Epigraphical Form
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D.4.6 Prosopography of the Producers: Gentes Active in the Production of the Bricks (domini and officinatores)
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D.4.7 Social Status, Role of Persons and Condition of Ownership of the Workshops
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D.4.8 Chronological Framework
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D.4.9 Production and Circulation of the Stamped Bricks
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D.4.9.1 Market areas
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D.4.9.2 Production workshops
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D.4.9.3 The Anio River Valley
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D.5 The Architectural Terracottas by Maria José Strazzulla
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[Introduction]
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D.5.1 Catalogue
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D.6 Marbles by Claudia Angelelli
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D.6.1 Parietal opus sectile
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[Introduction]
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D.6.1.1 Catalogue
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D.6.1.2 Conclusions
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D.6.2 Pavements in opus sectile
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[Introduction]
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D.6.2.1 Pasqui excavations, 1911-1914
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D.6.2.2 Excavations 1997-2001
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D.7 The "Horace's Villa" Database of Architectural Fragments by Philip Stinson
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D.7.1 Introduction
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D.7.2 Overview of the Objects in the Database
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D.7.3 Discussion of Provenance
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D.7.4 The Architectural Fragments in Their Architectural Contexts
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D.7.5 Photographs and Drawings
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D.8 The Mosaics by Klaus Werner
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D.8.1. The Mosaics in the Descriptions of the First Visitors
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D.8.2 The Mosaics Today: the Difficulties of Analysis
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D.8.3 The Individual Pavements
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D.8.3.1 Rooms 1 (Lugli G3), 4 (Lugli G1), and 11 (Lugli I2)
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D.8.3.2 New dating of the pavements of Rooms 1, 4, and 11 to the second half of the first century A.D.
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D.8.3.3 The second "Flavian" group: Rooms 16, 17, 26, and 27
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D.8.3.4 Dating of Rooms 16, 17, 26, 27
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D.8.3.5 Mosaics in the Bath Complex area (Rooms 37, 40, 41 and 42)
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D.8.3.6 Mosaics in the storehouse of the Archaeological Superintendency for Lazio in the Santuario di Ercole Vincitore, Tivoli
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D.9 Fragments of Wall Painting from "Horace's Villa" by Stephen T.A.M. Mols
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D.9.1 Background
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D.9.2 Fresco Fragments Found from 1911 to 1914
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D.9.3 Finds of 1998-1999
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[Introduction]
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D.9.3.1 Area 23
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D.9.3.2 Areas 37-40
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D.9.3.3 Area 35
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D.9.4 Conclusion
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D.10 Miniature Marble Sculptures by Steven Lattimore
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[Introduction]
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D.10.1 Youthful Male Torso
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D.10.2 Nude Female Torso
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D.10.3 Youthful Male Head
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D.11 Coins by Theodore Buttrey
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D.11.1 The Material
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[Introduction]
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D.11.1.1 Group A: coins found 1911-1916
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D.11.1.2 Group B: coins from the excavations of 1997-1999
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D.11.1.3 Group C: coins in the museum of Licenza
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D.11.1.4 The excavations
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D.11.2 Conclusions
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D.11.3 Catalogues by Group
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D.11.3.1 Group A: coins found 1912-1916
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D.11.3.2 Group B: coins from the excavations 1997-1999
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D.11.3.3 Group C: coins in the museum of Licenza
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D.11.3.4 Synoptic list of Villa of Horace coin finds
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D.12 Small Metal Objects from Recent Excavations (1997-2001) by Archer Martin
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[Introduction]
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D.12.1 Jewelry
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D.12.2 Clothing Accessory
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D.12.3 Tools
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D.12.4 Weapon
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D.12.5 Structural Fittings
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D.12.6 Miscellaneous Objects
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D.13 Inscriptions on Lead Pipes by Christer Bruun
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D.13.1 Epigraphical and Historical Commentary
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D.13.2 Technical Information
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D.13.2.1 Inscribed lead pipes in the museum at Licenza
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D.13.2.2 Inscribed lead pipes from the 1997-2000 excavations
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D.13.3 Commentary on the Inscribed Fistulae
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D.13.4 Anepigraphic Lead Pipes from the Excavations of 1997-2000
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D.14 The Archaeobotanical Remains from the Garden by Jennifer Ramsay
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D.14.1 Introduction
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D.14.2 Methodology
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D.14.3 Results
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D.14.4 Interpretation
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D.14.5 Conclusions
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E Miscellaneous Studies
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E.1 Soils and Landscapes of "Horace's Villa" and Adjacent Areas by John E. Foss, Michael E. Essington, Yul Roh, Debra H. Philips
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E.1.1 Introduction
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E.1.2 Methods
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E.1.2.1 Field methods
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E.1.2.2 Laboratory methods
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E.1.3 Results and Discussion
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E.1.3.1 Field results
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E.1.3.2 Laboratory results
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E.1.4 Summary
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E.2 The Ownership of the Licenza Villa by Vasily Rudich
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E.3 The Orsini in the Tiburtine Region and in the Licenza Valley (XII-XV centuries) by Franca Allegrezza
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E.4 Owners of "Horace's Villa" at the Time of Pasqui's Excavation (1911-1914) by Bernard Frischer
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E.5 Graphic Documentation of "Horace's Villa": Analysis and Revision of the Data Using Modern Surveying Procedures by Francesca Colosi, Roberto Gabrielli, Bernard Frischer
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E.5.1. Introduction
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E.5.2 Gathering and Analysis of the Existing Documentation
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E.5.3 Survey of the Control Points
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[Introduction]
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E.5.3.1 Topographical positioning with the DGPS
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E.5.3.2 Integrated procedures for the execution of the survey
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E.5.4 Determining the Accuracy of the Existing Plans: the Methods and the Results.
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E.5.5 The Creation of the Three-Dimensional Model of the Terrain
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E.5.6 Conclusions
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E.6 Interpreting Treasure: Oral Tradition, Archaeology and "Horace's Villa" by Luisa Del Giudice
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E.6.1 Abstract
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E.6.2 Introduction: Folklore and Archaeology
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E.6.3 Landscape
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E.6.4 Treasure as Metaphor
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E.6.5 Archaeology and Oral Tradition
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E.6.6 Land and Landscapes: Peasants and Archaeologists
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E.6.7 Licenza and Horace's Villa: Worlds Divided
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E.6.8. Cultural and Economic Development: Marketing Horace
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E.6.9 Wilderness vs. Farmland
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E.6.10 Horace in Oral Tradition
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E.6.11 Oral Narrative, Buried Treasure and "Horace's Villa"
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[Introduction]
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E.6.11.1 Treasure Tales (A)
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E.6.11.2 Meta-archaeological narratives or exercises in oral archaeology (B)
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E.6.11.3 Horace/Villa narratives (C)
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E.6.12 Interpreting narrative
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E.6.13 Treasure Hunt: Treasure Found and Treasure Stolen
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E.6.14 Villa: Functions and Uses
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E.6.15 Guardian of the Treasure: Giuseppe Rinaldi ("Baccelli," b. August 13, 1916)
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E.6.16 Appendix A. Le poesie del custode (The Custodian's Poems)
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F Conclusion by Bernard Frischer
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[Introduction]
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F.1 Periodization of "Horace's Villa"
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[Introduction]
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F.1.1 Periods on the Site of "Horace's Villa"
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F.2 Ownership of "Horace's Villa"
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F.3 Theory for the Upgrading of the Site in Periods IB and IIA
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F.4 Future Directions for Research at "Horace's Villa"
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G Catalogue of the Principal Textual and Graphical Documentation of the Site from Antiquity to 1990 by Bernard Frischer
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[Introduction]
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G.1 Textual Sources by Bernard Frischer
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G.1.1 Passages in Horace's poetry pertinent to the location and nature of the villa
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G.1.2 Horace's Villa in the Suetonian life of Horace
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G.1.3 Horace's Villa and related places in the scholia of Pomponius Porphyrio
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G.1.4 The Villa and related places in the scholia of Pseudo-Acron
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G.1.5 Horace's Villa and related sites in the early medieval scholia
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G.1.6 Horace's Villa and related sites in Carolingian scholia
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G.1.7 Identifications of the location of Horace's Villa and related sites from the Renaissance until 1761
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G.1.8 Descriptions of the Licenza site and valley, 1761 to 1911
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G.1.9 Select documents from Italian government files pertaining to the Vigne di S. Pietro site in Licenza, 1885-1911
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G.1.10 Documentary sources regarding Pasqui's excavations, 1911-1914
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G.1.11 Horace's Villa in Pasqui's private correspondence
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G.1.12 Documents pertaining to Pasqui's excavations
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G.1.13 Early published accounts of Pasqui's excavations
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G.1.14 1931. Lugli's correspondence with Mrs. George Hallam. De Brisis Family Archive, S. Antonio, Tivoli.
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G.1.15 1944. The site and museum during the German occupation
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G.1.16 Reports concerning the state of the archaeological site and museum, 1944-1981
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G.1.17 Records of sporadic finds from the Licenza valley
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G.2 Graphic Sources by Bernard Frischer
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[Introduction]
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G.2.1 Horace's Villa and related sites on maps prior to 1885
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G.2.2 Horace's Villa in the graphic arts prior to 1911: drawings, watercolors, gouaches, engravings
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G.2.3 Photographs of sites identified as Horace's Villa, 1855 to 1911
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G.2.4 1911-1914. Graphic documentation of Pasqui's excavations
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G.2.5 1911-1914. Pasqui's photographic documentation of his excavations
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G.2.6 1911-1914. Photographs of Pasqui's excavation from other sources
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G.2.7 Photographs from the Gabinetto Fotografico Nazionale, Ministero per i Beni Culturali, Rome
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G.2.8 1920-1990. Miscellaneous photographs documenting the condition of the site
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Small Finds Catalog
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Notes
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Preface
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A Introduction: History and Goals of the "Horace's Villa" Project
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B History of Archaeological Research on the Site
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B.1 General Introduction to the Area
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B.2 Identification of the Vigne di S. Pietro as Horace's Villa: the Ancient Evidence
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B.3 Knowledge about Horace's Villa from the Imperial Period to 1911
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B.4 Interventions in the 20th century
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B.5 Biographical Sketch of Thomas Drees Price
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C New Fieldwork
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C.1 The "Horace's Villa" Project, 1997-2003: Organization, Strategy, and Objectives
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C.3 The Garden
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C.4 Quadriporticus
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C.5 The Bath Complex
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D Analysis of Structures and Materials
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D.1 The Masonry Structures
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D.2 Pottery
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D.3 Garden Material
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D.4 The "Horace's Villa" Brickstamps and the Brick Production of the Central Anio River Valley
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D.5 The Architectural Terracottas
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D.6 Marbles
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D.7 The "Horace's Villa" Database of Architectural Fragments
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D.8 The Mosaics
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D.9 Fragments of Wall Painting from "Horace's Villa"
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D.10 Miniature Marble Sculptures
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D.11 Coins
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D.12 Small Metal Objects from Recent Excavations (1997-2001)
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D.13 Inscriptions on Lead Pipes
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D.14 The Archaeobotanical Remains from the Garden
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E Miscellaneous Studies
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E.1 Soils and Landscapes of "Horace's Villa" and Adjacent Areas
-
E.2 The Ownership of the Licenza Villa
-
E.3 The Orsini in the Tiburtine Region and in the Licenza Valley (XII-XV centuries)
-
E.4 Owners of "Horace's Villa" at the Time of Pasqui's Excavation (1911-1914)
-
E.5 Graphic Documentation of "Horace's Villa": Analysis and Revision of the Data Using Modern Surveying Procedures
-
E.6 Interpreting Treasure: Oral Tradition, Archaeology and "Horace's Villa"
-
-
F Conclusion
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G Catalogue of the Principal Textual and Graphical Documentation of the Site from Antiquity to 1990
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G.1 Textual Sources
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G.2 Graphic Sources
-
-
-
Bibliography
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Index
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A-F
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G-O
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P-V
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-
About the Editors
Journal Abbreviation | Label | URL |
---|---|---|
BMCR | 10.25 (2007) | http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/bmcr/2007/2007-10-25.html |
HEB Id | Title | Authors | Publication Information |
---|---|---|---|
Allan Ramsay and the search for Horace's villa. | Frischer, Bernard, and Iain Gordon Brown. | Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing, 2001. | |
La villa d'Orazio nella valle del Licenza. | Lugli, Giuseppe. | Roma: L. Morpugo, 1930. | |
La villa di Quinto Orazio Flacco. | Mazzoleni, Achille. | Torino, 1890. | |
A Restoration of Horace's 'Sabine Villa'. | Price, Thomas D. | Rome: American Academy, 1932. | |
heb07700.0001.001 | A Walk to Horace's Farm. | Rand, Edward K. | Houghton Mifflin, 1930. |
Sabinum: Horaz und sein Landgut im Licenzatal. | Schmidt, Ernst A. | Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag C. Winter, 1997. |
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Published: 2006
Publisher: Archaeopress
- 9781597402637 (ebook)
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