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Unguentaria and Related Vessels in the Mediterranean from the Early Hellenistic to the Early Byzantine Period
Ergün Lafli and Gülseren Kan Şahin
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This book provides comprehensive analyses of the clay and glass unguentaria and related vessels (such as pelikai and alabastra) from the Late Classical to the Early Byzantine periods that have been found across the Mediterranean. It defines these vessels, classifies them by type, dates them, and examines their contexts, functions, regional variations, probable contents, and distribution patterns. The text presents evidence of how unguentaria evolved in type and how their shapes and decorations reflected their functions. It also explores the major production centers, methods, and innovations of unguentaria and related vessels. A primary aim is to outline a sensory approach to Greek and Roman burials and contribute to the “function versus form” debate. The conclusions contain implications for further research on funerary practices, local identities, and social statuses in settlements and their regions.
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Cover
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Title page
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Copyright page
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By the Same Authors
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Of Related Interest
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Dedication
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Contents
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List of contributors
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List of main abbreviations
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Preface
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Abstracts and keywords in English, French, German, Italian and Turkish
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1. Introduction
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Bibliography
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2. Etruscan alabastra and rituals of life and death
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Introduction
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2.1. Toilette scenes
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2.2. Bathing
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Bibliography
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3. Attic figured pelikai and related vessels
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Introduction
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3.1. Representations of pelikai on pelikai
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3.2. Imagery on pelikai
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3.3. Commercial graffiti on pelikai
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3.4. Contexts
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Conclusions
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4. Alabastron: a perfume vase par excellence
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4.1. Description of the shape
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4.1.1. Origin of the alabastron
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4.1.2. Distribution of the alabastron in the Minoan and Mycenaean worlds
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4.2. Presentation
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4.2.1. Archaic period: The appearance of the alabastron in Eastern Greece and the Near East
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4.2.2. The alabastron in Continental Greece
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4.2.2.1. Corinth
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4.2.2.2. Attica (Athens)
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4.2.3. Iconography
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4.2.3.1. Religious and mythological themes
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4.2.3.2. Ritual scenes
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4.2.3.3. Musical and dance themes
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4.2.3.4. Motifs of everyday or private life
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4.2.3.5. Exotic alabastra
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4.2.3.6. Floral, geometric and other ornaments
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4.2.4. The transport of alabastra
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4.2.5. The storage of alabastra
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4.2.6. Uses of alabastra
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4.2.6.1. For religious purposes
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4.2.6.2. For private purposes
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4.2.7. Afterlife
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Conclusions
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Catalogue
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Bibliography
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5. Terracotta unguentaria from the Eastern Cemetery of Hellenistic and Roman Thessaloniki
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Introduction
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5.1. Ovoid unguentaria with disc base
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5.2. Fusiform unguentaria
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5.3. Bulbous unguentaria
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5.4. Unguentaria with spherical body
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5.5. Ovoid unguentaria
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5.6. Unguentaria with ribbed body
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Conclusions
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Bibliography
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6. A group of terracotta unguentaria and amphora stoppers in the British Museum, London
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6.1. Material and studies in the British Museum
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6.2. Hellenistic unguentaria in the British Museum
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6.3. Catalogue
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6.3.1. An Archaic Corinthian unguentarium
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6.3.2. Hellenistic unguentaria
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6.3.3. A special group of Hellenistic unguentaria
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6.3.4. Roman unguentaria
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6.3.5. Late Roman unguentaria
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6.4. Amphora stoppers
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Acknowledgements
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Bibliography
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7. The scent of a ritual: a set of glass unguentaria of the fifth to fourth century BCE from Iliberri (Granada, Andalusia, Spain)
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Introduction
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7.1. The glass unguentaria in context
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Bibliography
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8. Hellenistic unguentaria in the Iberian Peninsula: a preliminary overview
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Introduction
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8.1. Iberian studies on Hellenistic unguentaria: a brief historiography
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8.2. Hellenistic unguentaria in the Iberian Peninsula: preliminary remarks on their distribution and rhythms of diffusion
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Concluding remarks: research perspectives on Hellenistic unguentaria in the far west
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Acknowledgements
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Bibliography
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9. Technological approach to the unguentaria of the necropolis of Puente de Noy (Almuñecar, Granada, Spain)
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Introduction
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9.1. Unguentaria distribution in the Puente de Noy
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9.2. Technological approach
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Conclusion
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Bibliography
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10. A perfume for eternity? Unguentaria from the necropolis of Cumae (Magna Graecia), end of the second century BCE to first half of the first century CE
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10.1. The necropolis of Cumae between the end of the second century BCE and the mid-first century CE
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10.2. Typology
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10.2.1. Shape A (Fig. 10.6)
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10.2.2. Shape B (Fig. 10.7)
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10.2.3. Shape C
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10.3. The deposition of the unguentaria inside the tombs: funerary equipment, offering or ritual?
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10.4. Perfume for eternity?
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Bibliography
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11. Unguentaria in pre-Roman Dacia: finds from Cetăţeni
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Acknowledgement
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Bibliography
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12. Terracotta unguentaria in the far west of the Roman Empire: an overview
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Introduction
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12.1. The use of terracotta unguentaria in domestic contexts
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12.2. The use of terracotta unguentaria in funerary contexts
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12.3. Production
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12.4. Distribution
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Conclusion
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Bibliography
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13. Terracotta and glass unguentaria from the burials of Late Antique and Early Byzantine Sardinia
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Acknowledgements
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Bibliography
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14. Content of Late Roman stamped unguentaria from Hierapolis in Phrygia: molecular evidence of their actual use
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Introduction
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14.1. Presentation: about Late Roman unguentaria
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14.2. Distribution
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14.2.1. List of examples
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14.3. Late Roman unguentaria from Hierapolis in Phrygia: contexts of their discovery
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14.4. The stamps
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13.5. Functional study: the content
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14.6. Archaeological samples
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14.7. Analytical protocol
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14.8. The organic content
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14.9. Discussion
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14.10. Preparation of the balm
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Conclusion
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Acknowledgements
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Bibliography
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15. Some Late Roman unguentaria without stamps from western and southern Turkey
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Introduction
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15.1. Late Roman unguentaria and related vessels from Ephesus
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15.2. Late Roman unguentaria and related vessels from Cilicia and Pisidia
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15.3. An oil container in the Museum of Yalvaç
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15.4. Three Late Roman unguentaria from Gayrettepe
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15.5. Three Late Roman unguentaria from Tarsus-Gözlükule
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15.6. Two Late Roman unguentaria in the Archaeological Museum of Gaziantep
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15.7. Two Late Roman unguentaria in the Archaeological Museum of Hatay
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15.8. Four Late Roman unguentaria in the Museum of Alanya
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15.9. A Late Roman unguentarium from İleği in Pisidia
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Conclusions
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Bibliography
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16. Stamps of the Late Roman unguentaria from western Asia Minor
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Introduction
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16.1.2. Four other stamps from western Anatolia
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16.1.3. Archaeological and archaeometric analysis on the Late Roman unguentaria from Seleucia Sidera
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16.1.4. Stamps of Late Roman unguentaria from Seleucia Sidera
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16.1.5. Late Roman unguentaria from Antioch in Pisidia
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16.1.6. Seven stamps of Late Roman unguentaria from Antioch in Pisidia
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Acknowledgements
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Bibliography
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Classical source
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Modern sources
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17. Late Roman unguentaria from Syracuse
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Introduction
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17.1. Catalogue
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Conclusions
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Bibliography
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18. Unguentarium finds from Turkey: a bibliographical corpus based on four Turkish periodicals
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Introduction
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Abbreviations
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Bibliography
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Citable Link
Published: 2024
Publisher: BAR Publishing
- 9781407360638 (paper)
- 9781407360645 (ebook)
BAR Number: S3165
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