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Space and Function: Buddhist State Monasteries in Early Medieval China and their Impact on East Asia
Liqun He
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Space and Function is a study of Buddhist State Monasteries in medieval East Asia. The research is based on archaeological evidence and focuses on how the monastery’s layout developed with the evolution of Buddhist philosophy and practice.Building on earlier literature regarding the development of Buddhist monastery layouts, Dr He relies on his two decades of excavation experience of relevant monasteries in central China. His assessment of the development of state monasteries between the fifth and seventh century AD is examined in depth.Scholars interested in Buddhism, Chinese architecture, and the history of medieval China and East Asia will find this work informative and valuable.
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Cover
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Title page
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Copyright page
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Of Related Interest
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Contents
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List of figures
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List of colour illustrations
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List of tables
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Foreword
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Introduction
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Defining Buddhist Monasteries
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Defining Spatial and Temporal Boundaries
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Previous Research
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The Significance of the Topic
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Research Methods
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1. Monastery Layout in Early Medieval China: Textual Evidence
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1.1. The Introduction of Buddhism and the Establishment of Early Monasteries in China
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1.2. Buddhist Monasteries in the Northern and Southern Dynasties
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1.3. The Buddhist Monastery System during the Sui and Tang Dynasties
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2. Monastery Layout in Early Medieval China: Archaeological Evidence
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2.1. Monastery Layout in the Mid-Fifth Century: the Yungang Monastery in Pingcheng
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2.2. Monastery Layout in the Late Fifth Century: the Siyuan Monastery in Pingcheng and the Siyan Monastery in Longcheng
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2.2.1. Siyuan Monastery 思遠佛寺
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2.2.2 Siyan Monastery 思燕浮圖
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2.3. Monastery Layout in the Early Sixth Century: the Yongningsi Monastery in Luoyang
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2.4. Monastery Layout in the Late Sixth Century: the Zhaopengcheng Monastery in Yecheng
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2.5. Monastery Layout in the First Half of the Seventh Century: the Linggansi Monastery and the Qinglongsi Monastery in Chang’an
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2.6. Monastery Layout in the Mid-Seventh Century: the Ximingsi Monastery in Chang’an
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3. Monastery Layout in Early Medieval China:
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3.1. The Buddhist Monastery: Main Buildings and Auxiliary Buildings
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3.1.1. Entrance
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3.1.2. Perimeter wall, portico and roofed corridor
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3.1.3. Pagoda
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3.1.4. Buddha Hall
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3.1.5. Lecture Hall
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3.1.6. Auxiliary buildings
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3.1.7. Compound
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3.2. Monastery Layout: Types, Periodization and Distinctive Features
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3.2.1. The ‘Central Pagoda’ monastery (mid-fifth century)
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3.2.2. The ‘Central Pagoda and One Hall in the Rear’ monastery (late fifth to early sixth century)
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3.2.3. The ‘Central Pagoda and Halls on Different Axes’ monastery (mid to late sixth century)
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3.2.4. The ‘Multi-compound and Multi-hall’ monastery (after the mid-seventh century)
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3.3. The Evolution of Monastery Layout from the Northern Wei to the Tang Dynasty
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4. Monastery Layout in Early Medieval East Asia: Archaeological Evidence and Research
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4.1. The Korean Peninsula: Monastery Layout during the Three Kingdoms and Unified Silla Periods
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4.1.1. Goguryeo Kingdom: ‘Central Pagoda and Three Halls’ monastery layout
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T’osong-ri p’yesa Monastery 土城里廢寺
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Songwol-ri Monastery 上五里佛寺
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Chongrungsa Monastery 定陵寺
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Ch’ongam-ri p’yesa Monastery 清岩里廢寺
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4.1.2. Baekje Kingdom: ‘Central Pagoda and One Hall in the Rear’ monastery layout
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Daetongsa Monastery 大通寺
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Gunsu-ri Monastery 軍守里寺
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Jeunglim Monastery 定林寺
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Neungsan-ri Monastery 陵山里寺
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Wangheungsa Monastery 王興寺
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Vajra Monastery 金剛寺
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Busosan Monastery 扶蘇山廢寺
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Yongjeong-ri Monastery 龍井里寺
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Jeseok Monastery 帝釋寺
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Mireuksa Monastery 彌勒寺
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4.1.3. Silla Kingdom: ‘Central Pagoda and One Hall in the Rear’ and ‘Central Pagoda and Three Halls’ monastery layouts
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Hwangnyongsa Monastery 皇龍寺
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Bunhwangsa Monastery 芬皇寺
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4.1.4. Unified Silla: ‘Central Hall and Twin Pagodas’ and ‘Multi-compound and Multi-hall’ monastery layouts
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Sacheonwangsa Monastery 四天王寺
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Kamunsa Monastery 感恩寺
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Mangdeoksa Monastery 望德寺
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Cheongundong Monastery 千軍洞寺
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Bulguksa Monastery 佛國寺
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4.2. The Japanese Archipelago: Monastery Layout during the Asuka and Nara Periods
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4.2.1. Late sixth to first half of the seventh century: ‘Central Pagoda and Three Halls’ and ‘Central Pagoda and One Hall in the Rear’ monastery layouts
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The ‘Central Pagoda and Three Halls’ layout
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Asukadera Monastery 飛鳥寺
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The ‘Central Pagoda and One Hall in the Rear’ layout
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Shitennōji Monastery 四天王寺
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Original Hōryūji Monastery 初建法隆寺
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Tachibanadera Monastery 橘寺
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Yamadadera Monastery 山田寺
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4.2.2. Mid-seventh century: ‘One Pagoda and One Hall Side by Side’ and ‘One Pagoda and One Hall Side by Side with a Central Hall Behind’ monastery layouts
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The ‘One Pagoda and One Hall Side by Side’ layout
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Kudara Ōdera Monastery 百濟大寺
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Hōryūji Monastery 法隆寺
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Ākāśagarbha Monastery 虛空藏寺
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Kose Monastery 巨勢寺
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Hōkiji Monastery 法起寺
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Kanzeonji Monastery 觀世音寺
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Komadera Monastery 高麗寺
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The ‘One Pagoda and One Hall Side by Side with a Central Hall Behind’ layout
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Kawaradera Monastery 川原寺
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Minami Shiga-haiji Monastery 南滋賀廢寺
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Sūfukuji Monastery 崇福寺
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Daikandaiji Monastery 大官大寺
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4.2.3. Late seventh to mid-eighth century: ‘Central Hall and Twin Pagodas’, ‘Central Hall and One Pagoda on Different Axes’ and ‘Multi-compound and Multi-hall’ monastery layouts
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The ‘Central Hall and Twin Pagodas’ layout
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Fujiwarakyō Yakushiji Monastery 藤原京藥師寺
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Heijōkyō Yakushiji Monastery 平城京藥師寺
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Tōdaiji Monastery 東大寺
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The ‘Central Hall and One Pagoda on Different Axes’ layout
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Kōfukuji Monastery 興福寺
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Gangōji Monastery 元興寺
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Tōshōdaiji Monastery 唐招提寺
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Sairyuji Monastery 西隆寺
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The ‘Multi-Compound and Multi-Hall’ layout
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Daianji Monastery 大安寺
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Hokkeji Monastery 法華寺
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Saidaiji Monastery 西大寺
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5. Monastery Layout in East Asia between the Fifth and Eighth Centuries: a Comparative Analysis of Monastery Layouts
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5.1. The ‘Central Pagoda and One Hall in the Rear’ Monastery Layout: Its Diffusion
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5.2. The ‘Central Pagoda and Three Halls’ Monastery Layout: Its Origin and the Contacts between North China and the Korean Peninsula
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5.3. ‘One Pagoda and One Hall Side by Side’ and Several Other Monastery Layouts in Japan: Their Origin and Meaning
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5.4. The ‘Central Hall and Twin Pagodas’ Monastery Layout: Its Origin and Significance in Unified Silla and Japan
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5.5. The Main Monastery Layout Types and their Evolution
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6. Monastery Layout in Early Medieval China and East Asia: Form and Function
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6.1. The Chinese Pavilion-Style Pagoda: Origin and Meaning
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6.2. The Development of Buddha Hall: from India to Japan
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6.3. The Relationship between Multi-compound Monastery Layout and Urban Layout in East Asia
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6.4. The Interaction between Space and Function in the Layout of Buddhist Monasteries
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Conclusion
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Bibliography
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Primary Sources in Chinese, Korean and Japanese
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Secondary Sources
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Back cover
Citable Link
Published: 2022
Publisher: BAR Publishing
- 9781407358147 (paper)
- 9781407358154 (ebook)
BAR Number: S3110